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Fundamentals of C Programming

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Author :

Dr. Chetan Rathod
Dr. Bhumika K. Charnanand
Dr. Ishaan Tamhankar

Size: 8.5 x 11 ISBN: 978-81-950780-1-1 Cover Type: Soft Cover Book Demo: -

This book will introduce you to the C programming language. It’s aimed at beginning programmers. This book provides a quick introduction to the C programming language. C is a general-purpose programming language and can efficiently work on enterprise applications, games, graphics, and applications requiring calculations, etc. Whether you're new to programming or a professional developer, this book's goal is to bring you up to speed on the C language in a hurry.

This book can be used in B.C.A., M.C.A., B.Sc. (IT, CS), M.Sc. (IT, ICT, CS), B.E. (IT), PGDCA, Std. 11(CBSE Board) and Diploma Courses of Engineering Programs of Various Universities.

C is a great programming language for both beginners and experts C is robust language and has rich set of built-in functions, data types and operators which can be used to write any complex program.

C has the capabilities of an assembly language (low level features) with the feature of high level language so it is well suited for writing both system software and application software. It is highly portable language. C supports low level features like bit level programming and direct access to memory using pointer which is very useful for managing resource efficiently.

This book is presented in 7 units and they are organized in such a way that, teaching and learning all fundamental concepts of C are covered. It include basic introduction, algorithms, flowchart, operator, conditional statement, looping statement, In-built and user defined functions, array, pointer, structure, union and more.

This book is for anybody interested in learning what seems to be emerging as the world’s most popular computing language, whether or not you have learned any programming before.

Prof. Chetan N. Rathod (M.C.A., M.Phil.) is working as an Assistant Professor in Vivekanand College for Advance Computer and Information Science, affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat. He has 11+ years of teaching experience in UG, 1 year in PG and 1 year industrial experience as a web developer. He has published many research papers in international and national journals. He has also attended various state level, national level and international level conferences, workshops and seminars. His areas of interest are Cryptography, Cyber Security, Deep Learning, AI, Computer Graphics and Web Development. He is also an author of books – PHP & MySQL (ISBN: 978-93-81222-18-8), E-Commerce & Cyber Security (ISBN: 978-93-84731-06-9), Essential Crux of Information System (ISBN: 978-93-86428-53-0), Python for: Computer Science (ISBN: 978-93-90388-69-1) and a book on Bhartiya Shiksha Sanatan aur Vartman. He is involved in many activities of VNSGU. He believes in giving back to the society, where he runs “BE POSITIVE CHARITABLE TRUST” (www.bepositivetrust.com) for social activities. He has a wonderful rapport with people of all ages, especially students. His ability to connect with his students and his talent at teaching concepts with values are truly superior. He is a founder of Jump2Learn.

Prof. Bhumika K. Charnanand (M.C.A., M.Phil) is working as an Assistant Professor in Prabhu BCA College, affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat. She has 10+ years of teaching experience and 1 year of industrial experience as web developer. She had also attended various state, national and international level workshops and seminars. Her areas of interest includes Data Structure, Programming Languages, Cyber Security, Cryptography and Image Processing. She is also an author of book – PHP & MySQL (ISBN: 978-93-81222-18-8) and Python for: Computer Science (ISBN: 978-93-90388-69-1). Her ability to connect with her students and her talent at teaching concepts with values are truly superior. She is a director of Jump2Learn.

Mr. Ishaan F. Tamhankar (M.C.A.) is working as a Teaching Assistant at Vimal Tormal Poddar BCA College -Pandesara. He had 6 Year Teaching Experience in Various Colleges. He had completed B.C.A. from (U.A.C.C.A.I.T) – 2011 and M.C.A. from (Bhagwan Mahavir College of M.C.A). – 2014. He is Pursuing his Ph.D. in the area of Email Classification using Supervised Learning. He has presented many research papers at State level, National level and International level conferences. He is also Visiting Faculty at Indira Gandhi Open University. His areas of interest are C, C++, Data Structure, Operating System, Networking, Computer Graphics and Web Designing.

We, authors of this book are very much thankful to all those who gave us motivation and guidance to write this book. We would like to express our gratitude to almighty, family members and all the persons who are directly and indirectly provided us great motivation and continuous support for writing this book for student. Here, we also confess that we are not in competition with any institute, person, author, researcher or government body. In this book, we have tried to simplify basic concepts of C language and how it should be used for programming. This book is influenced by various books and websites. We would like to thank all owners or authors of such web references and books. We are not in lieu of conflict of interest with anyone or any institute in the entire world. Finally, we would like to thank all the people of the world.

UNIT-1: Introduction

Concepts of Programming Language
1. Introduction of Source Code, Object Code and executable code
2. Algorithm and Flowchart
3. Concepts of Structured Programming Language
4. Importance of ‘C’ language
Concepts of Editor, Interpreter and Compiler
1. Introduction of C program body structure
2. Character Set, concepts of variables and constants
3. Identifiers, literals, Key words
4. Data types (signed and unsigned) (Numeric : int, short int, long, float, double) , (Character type: char, string) and void.

UNIT-2: Input/Output Statements and Operators:

Input/Output statements:
1. Concepts of Header files (STDIO,CONIO)
  1. Concepts of pre-compiler directives.
  2. Use of #inlcude and #define
Input/Output Statements:
1. Input statements : scanf(), getc(), getch(), gets(), getchar()
2. Output Statements: printf(), putc(),puts(), putchar()
3. Type specifiers (formatting strings) : %d, %ld, %f, %c, %s, %lf
Operators :
1. Arithmetic operators ( +, -, *, /, %, ++, --, )
2. Logical Operators ( &&, ||, ! )
3. Relational Operators ( >, <, ==, >=, <=, != )
4. Bit-wise operators ( &, |, ^ , <<, >>)
5. Assignment operators ( =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=)
6. Ternary Operator and use of sizeof() function.
7. Increment and Decrement operators
8. Special Operators
9. Operators Precedence in C
Important Built-in functions:
1. String Functions
2. Maths Functions

UNIT-3: Decision Making statements:

if statements :
1. simple if statements
2. if…else statements
3. if…else if….else statements
4. Nested if statements.
Switch..case statements
1. Use of break and default
2. Difference between switch and if statements.

UNIT-4: Iterative statements :

Use of goto statement for iteration
while loop
do..while loop
for loop
Nested while, do..while and for loops
Jumping statement: (break and continue)

UNIT-5: Concepts of Arrays and pointer

Concepts of Single-dimensional Array
1. Numeric single dimensional Array
2. Numeric single dimensional array operations:
  1. Sorting array in ascending or descending. (Bubble and selection)
  2. Searching element from array (Linear Search)
3. Character Single dimensional Array
  1. Character Single dimensional array operations:
  2. Use of \0, \n and \t

5.2. Two dimensional Array

5.2.1 Two-Dimensional numeric Array operations

5.2.2 Element Address in array (Row major and Column major)

5.2.3 Two-Dimensional Character Array

5.2.3.1 Declaring & Initializing Two-Dimensional character array

5.3 Pointers:

5.3.1 Concepts of Pointers

5.3.2 Declaring and initializing int, float, char and void pointers

5.3.3 Pointer to single dimensional numeric array.

UNIT:-6 Structure & Union

6.1. Introduction

6.2 Defining Structure

6.2 Processing Structure

6.4 Array of Structures

6.5 Structure & Pointer

6.6 Passing Structure to functions

6.7 Self Referential Structures

6.8 Defining Union

6.9 Comparison between Structure & Union

6.10 Comparison between Array & Structure

UNIT:-7 User Defined Functions

7.1 Introduction

7.2. Definition & Accessing of a function

7.3. Function types

7.4. Recursive functions

7.5. Call by Value

7.6. Call by Reference or call by address or Call by Pointer

Fundamentals of C Programming

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